Waste Photovoltaic Module Pyrolysis Processing Machine Line

With the long-term development of the photovoltaic industry, a large number of waste photovoltaic modules have entered the recycling cycle. Due to their structural characteristics, single-glass and double-glass modules require careful consideration of both material integrity and separation efficiency during processing. Traditional processing methods often encounter issues such as EVA film residue, damage to silicon materials, and failure to meet environmental standards. Waste photovoltaic module pyrolysis processing equipment addresses these pain points by constructing a refined, end-to-end processing system from pre-treatment to sorting, providing a professional solution for the recycling of single-glass and double-glass modules.

In the pre-treatment stage, the equipment line achieves efficient disassembly through automated equipment. The junction box separation device is equipped with a vision recognition system that accurately locates the connection point between the junction box and the module body. Combined with the stable gripping and cutting of the module by a robotic arm, the junction box is disassembled with millimeter-level precision, avoiding damage to electronic components caused by improper force control during manual disassembly. It also ensures the intact separation of the metal contacts and plastic shell inside the junction box, laying the foundation for subsequent sorting and recycling. The frame separation equipment uses specially designed clamps to fix the components and peels off the aluminum frame through a low-loss cutting process. During the cutting process, the cutting depth and speed are monitored in real time to prevent deformation or scratches on the frame. The peeled frame requires no additional shaping and can directly enter the melting stage, significantly improving the efficiency of aluminum resource recycling.

After pretreatment, the single and double glass materials, with the frame and junction box removed, are transported to the core pyrolysis equipment—a closed pyrolysis furnace. The equipment line precisely controls the pyrolysis temperature at around 500℃. This temperature parameter has been verified through extensive experiments, ensuring complete pyrolysis of the EVA plastic inside the components while preventing the glass and silicon from cracking or having their crystal structure destroyed due to high temperatures. The pyrolysis furnace adopts a double-layer insulation design to reduce heat loss and avoid safety hazards caused by excessively high external furnace temperatures. A stirring device inside the furnace ensures uniform heating of the materials and guarantees complete decomposition of the EVA plastic. Volatile gases generated during pyrolysis are directly transported to the waste gas treatment system via dedicated pipelines. This system purifies harmful substances in the gases through multiple processes, including adsorption, filtration, and catalytic oxidation. The final emissions meet all national standards for integrated air pollutant emissions, and no wastewater is generated throughout the process, eliminating secondary pollution at its source.

After pyrolysis, the remaining glass, silicon, and copper strips form a mixture, which then enters the downstream sorting stage. The equipment line is equipped with a multi-layer screening machine, a magnetic separator, and an airflow separator, enabling precise material separation through a collaborative multi-process approach. The multi-layer screening machine separates large pieces of glass from the mixed particles based on particle size differences. The magnetic separator uses magnetic differences to separate the copper strips from the mixture, ensuring that no impurities are mixed in. The airflow separator, based on the density difference between the silicon and residual impurities, adjusts the airflow speed to screen out silicon that meets purity standards. The entire sorting process is conducted in a closed environment, equipped with a dust collection device to prevent the diffusion of fine particles. The final produced glass material is uniform in size and has a clean surface, and can be directly supplied to photovoltaic glass manufacturers or architectural glass processing plants. The silicon material has a purity of over 98% and, after further purification, can be reused in photovoltaic cell manufacturing. Copper bars can directly enter the smelting process, achieving the recycling of metal resources.

Through meticulous process design, the entire equipment line not only solves key problems in the recycling of single and double-glass materials but also allows for flexible parameter adjustment based on material characteristics, ensuring efficient processing of single and double-glass modules of different specifications. This provides stable and reliable technical support for waste photovoltaic module recycling companies.